Admiral, Spain, 1886, from the Military Series (N224) issued by Kinney Tobacco Company to promote Sweet Caporal Cigarettes MET DPB874316.jpg 442 880; 243 KB. Many "Yaqui" indians were drafted by all sides in these conflicts. Brassey's History of Uniforms. The Spaniards saw that it was important to defend the Alhndiga de Granaditas public granary in Guanajuato, which maintained the flow of water, weapons, food and ammunition to the Spanish Royal Army. U.S. Army captain John C. Frmont, with about sixty well-armed men, had entered the California territory in December 1845 before the war had been official and was marching slowly to Oregon when he received word that war between Mexico and the U.S. was imminent; thus began a chapter of the war known as the Bear Flag Revolt. They were brought to the city of Chihuahua where they were tried by a military court and executed by firing squad on 30 July 1811. 1929 Military Edgar . Giving out signals using coats of arms was very common. It was in early 1890's that the Mexican inventor and engineer Manuel Mondragon, an officer in the Mexican Army and a graduate of both the Mexican Military Academy at Chapultpec and the French Academy at Sr. Cyr and later the O.C. The sewing machine was quickly creating the ability for much of male clothing to be mass-produced. Hefter also puts Cos in this green jacket in his "Council of War" print. Interim Archives/Getty Images. The Federalistas were the government forces inherited from the Diaz regime by Madero, and subsequently commanded by Huerta. This is as true of government forces as it is of the Zapatistas and Villistas. Rene Chartrand, page 9, "The Mexican Adventure 186167. [50], Distinct from the brigade formations are independent regiments (all regiments are battalion-sized) and battalions assigned to zonal garrisons. It's not even really correct to use the 1836 Mexicans for the Mexican War because the uniforms had changed significantly in that period. Hats are sometimes khaki slouch hats (like the Carrancista field uniform). In 1815, Morelos was apprehended and executed by firing squad. mexican army uniforms 1860s; asos tall jumpsuit; cape kappa; camera esporte multilaser; tienda de baloncesto jugones madrid; converse classic trng cao c; revery trik sksenos; ray ban clubmaster copper; plesove kabelky 2019; weg met kerst met hond; sandaler med hl og ankelrem; svatebn vj Equipment was much the same as for the infantry. Brigadier-General. The virgin's cloak is of a dark color (blue? In 1916 after a devastating attack by Mexican . Following the widespread civil disorder that plagued the early years of the Mexican republic, fighting in the streets destroyed a great deal of personal property. Zapata was assassinated in 1919; Villa was bought off and took up civilian life in northern Mexico, before being assassinated in 1923. Distinct from the brigade formations, independent regiments and battalions are assigned to zonal garrisons (52 in total) in each of the country's 12 military regions. trousers were madder red with a dark blue double side stripe. During the post-military phase following 1920, a number of Constitutionalist leaders became presidents of Mexico: Alvaro Obregn (19201924), Plutarco Elas Calles (192428), Lzaro Crdenas (19341940), and Manuel Avila Camacho (19401946). Conservatives, and many in the Mexican nobility, tried to revive the monarchical form of government (see: First Mexican Empire) when they helped to bring to Mexico an archduke from the Royal House of Austria, Maximilian Ferdinand, or Maximilian I of Mexico (who married Charlotte of Belgium, also known as Carlota of Mexico), with the military support of France. 307.635.0019 1717 Carey Ave. Cheyenne, WY 82001: CAVALRY GARRISON & DRESS UNIFORMS INTRODUCTION The U.S. Army Cavalry units are a mounted force of the United States Army that originated in 1776, during the Revolutionary War. The regulations of 1858 and '60 established the uniform that defined the Union soldier in the American Civil War: the Army hat in black felt with appropriate branch insignia; the frock coat. The MPC's involvement in the internal security policies is also present with the Federal Police's successor agency - the National Guard. After his contact with Villa's forces in Mexico City during 1914, he began creating a more formal military organizational structure, including division of his forces into battalions, regiments, brigades, etc., and also started appointing NCOs acording to military norms. Morelos conducted several campaigns in the south, managing to conquer much of the region as he gave orders to the insurgents to promote the writing of the first constitution for the new Mexican nation: the Constitution of Apatzingan, which was drafted in 1814. Creator: McChristian, Douglas C. Text and photographs illustrate the weapons, equipment, and uniforms of the United States Army from the years 1870 to 1880, including items such as hats, swords, rifles, pistols, clothing, insignias, and ammunition pouches. 63:XXL or 7 7/8. Given that these personalities never went head-to-head, it doesn't lead to confusion on the wargames table. ", "Equipo y materiales del Ejrcito, obsoletos, advierte el general Galvn", "Alistan compra de 4 Black Hawk para PF El Universal Mxico", "Oshkosh Defence delivered multi-role vehicle Sandcat to the Mexican Army 0602111 | February 2011 army military defense industry news | Military army defense industry news year 2011", "Foro Modelismo:: Ver tema Novedades en el Ejercito Mexicano. Some were enlisted as a means of punishment or because of social discrimination, and a number of future revolutionary leaders received their initial military experience in the ranks of the Federal Army. He distinguished himself in the fighting during the War of the Reform (1858-1860), and by 1861 he was already a . - was the most common one seen among the Villista forces, especially among the infantry and the cavalry. Mexican army uniform hi-res stock photography and images - Alamy An Introduction to Ulysses S. Grant's Classmates in the West Point Class of 1843 (U.S. National Park Service) Uniforms of the Republic of Texas 1836-1846 A few regular infantry and dragoon regiments (e.g. ("Division" is an abused term during this conflict, because Villa's army was referred to as the "Division of the North," which had been his old command under Huerta). The insurgents lost all their artillery, much of their equipment and the lives of many men. I'm attempting to make it as historically accurate as possible and I need your help! Staff corps & Infantry. Items as shakos made in series by other suppliers are delivered as usual (3 to 7 days depending of where you live). Made under license from Heckler & Koch, General-purpose machine gun. For him, a friendly government in Mexico provided an opportunity to expand free trade by ensuring European access to important markets, and preventing monopoly by the United States. France had various interests in this Mexican affair, such as seeking reconciliation with Austria, which had been defeated during the Franco-Austrian War, counterbalancing the growing U.S. power by developing a powerful Catholic neighbouring empire, and exploiting the rich mines in the north-west of the country. It was the first army to adopt (1908) and use (1910) a self-loading rifle, the . Otherwise, the U.S. forces fought very much as did the more regular Mexican forces, using open order formations in the face of modern small-arms, and employing cavalry as mobile infantry. The Carrancistas as described here are those units that fought against the Revolution after Carranza's assumption of power and subsequent falling-out with Villa, Zapata, and other Conventionista generals. Uniforms worn by the Regular Army of the United States during the Mexican War were based on regulations adopted in 1832 when the uniform was completely redesigned. Answer (1 of 4): Other answers to this question address the utility of camouflage to the environment, and cite the transition from green to camouflage or to uniforms more practical to an arid environment. Certain zones are also assigned a light armored cavalry regiment, mechanized infantry regiment or one of the 24 field artillery regiments and 10 field artillery battalions. They wore felt sombreros, generally of a light color (tan or grey), and had matching trousers and short jacket of red-brown, khaki, or white (in descending order of incidence). To model these figures, I use Union American Civil War figures, with cross-belts carved into ammunition bandoliers. Before independence from Spain, Mexico had a factory producing muskets and pistols of superior quality. 1929 Mexican Army Military Uniform Hat Brick Vintage Image Original Press Photo. This page will attempt to document the development of chaplains' uniforms over the years, however even during the same periods there were varieties in the uniforms that chaplains wore. Hidalgo's death resulted in a political vacuum for the insurgents until 1812. Shirts were typically white. The presidential terms of Benito Jurez (185871) were interrupted by the rule of the Habsburg monarchy in Mexico (186467). (A similar uniform with black distinctions would have been worn by the artillery, with green distinctions for the cavalry and light infantry.) Flags: There are a couple of revolutionary flags that I have seen in photographs or museums, and I will describe them here. The main reasoning behind the formation of the National Guard was to reduce the involvement of the military in the Mexican drug war, but the implementation has negated that to a great extend with the NG relying heavily on the military for staffing, training,[47] basing and operational control. For all armies, vast hordes of "soldaderas" accompanied their men on the march, if not into battle. In addition to this amount, Mexico had defaulted on millions of dollars worth of loans from France. Scott was the Whig Party's presidential nominee in the 1852 election, but was defeated by Democrat Franklin Pierce. The three powers signed the Treaty of London on 31 October, to unite their efforts to receive payments from Mexico. As of 2009, starting salary for Mexican army recruits was $6,000 Mexican pesos (US$500) a month with a lifetime $10,000 peso (approximately US$833) monthly pension for widows of soldiers killed in action. E-mail us at: qmshop@comcast.net. The Zapatistas were dressed very much like the Villistas, so I will not go through their garb in detail, except to point on the proprtional differences that are evident. With a khaki uniform, they tended to wear a pith helmet, and possibly a brimmed slouch hat. The newly raised corps of Rurales, created on 5 May 1861 as a mounted gendarmerie, numbered 2,200 and served as dispersed units of light cavalry against the French. Higher-level formations were somewhat more confusing: typically, several infantry battalions or cavalry regiments were formed into a brigade. [49], After the closure of the EMP the servicemen and women have lost their special status of personnel distinct from the three services and were integrated back into the Army, Air Force and Navy. Also in 1826 the Mexican army received for their active militia new cavalry uniforms imported from England. Coming to its citizen's aid, France demanded 600,000 pesos in damages. General Winfield Scott and Commodore Matthew C. Perry capitalized on this civilian suffering: by refusing to allow the consulates of Spain and France to assist in civilian evacuation, they pressed Mexican Gen. Juan Morales to negotiate surrender. Mexico under Porfirio Daz like the United States and other countries in the Western Hemisphere modernized at the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth. Moreover, they traditionally have acted in co-ordination with the Secretariat of National Defense (SEDENA) on planning and resources deployment. Facing colors worn on the uniform of America's armies from the Revolutionary War were restored, those being: buff for generals and staff; white for infantry; and red for artillery. Covers the states of Baja California, Baja California Sur and Sonora. (Full dress). That changed on 11 December 2006, when newly elected President Felipe Caldern sent 6,500 federal troops to the state of Michoacn to end drug violence there. 19 April 1862: The first military confrontation, at Fortin, took place, during which five Mexican soldiers were killed. Special Operations MP Bns carry the number of their parent brigade, line MP Bns are numbered in sequence, starting from 1st, 2nd and 3rd in the 1st MP Brigade, 4th, 5th and 6th in the 2nd MP Bde etc. Covers the states of Chihuahua and Coahuila. the Regimiento de Mexico) were recruited within Mexico and permanently stationed there. Mexico, 1940s RF K5062W - Three poor ancient mexican soldiers wearing rough uniforms, hats and keeping their bayonets. As the conflict progressed, you see an increasing incidence of a British-style peaked cap. Shoes or boots would be worn, although the shoes were often accompanied by military-style leggings. When faced with widespread revolution during 1910-11 the railway lines proved too vulnerable, regular army strength too limited and state militias too disorganised to control the situation.[19]. On 20 September 1846, the U.S. launched an attack on Monterrey, which fell after 5 days. Gringo 40s Garibaldini Uniform Plates: My favorite manufacturer of 28mm figures for the Garibaldini and Neapolitans, they also do a series of uniform plates. Grade Range: 5-12. It was not uncommon for the pants and shirt to be replaced with the standard white cotton of the Mexican peasant. For more than 150 years, British soldiers marched into battle wearing their best parade square finery red coats adorned with bright coloured facings, white cross belts and rows of gleaming buttons. You may also purchase Uniforms of the Republic of Texas online at BarnesandNoble.com by clicking on the "Click to buy the book" icon. File 1: 15 eroded buttons, File 2: 15 eroded buttons, penny for size. Free shipping. Media in category "Military uniforms of Spain". By 1910 the average Federal army general was aged in his 70s. The French army occupied Orizaba. The Villista forces were made up of several styles of civilian clothing, and one of a more military nature.The classification is: (1) "Cowboy" garb; (2) "Peasant" garb; (3) "Indian" garb; (4) "Urban" garb; (5) "Military" garb. THE WAR IN MEXICO by Anton Adams. Captain General Ignacio Allende was the military brains of the insurgent army in the first phase of the War of Independence and secured several victories over the Spanish Royal Army. Their troops were about 5,000 strong and were later joined by squadrons of the Queen's Regiment where its members in turn contributed infantry battalions and cavalry squadrons to the insurrection cause. Each brigade has three infantry battalions. This uniform coat would have been worn by a lieutenant in the Artillery of the Mexican army. Secure on-line ordering. Zapata's forces were organized according to he bands of his "jefes," and the rule of thumb was that any jefe who commanded 50 men or more held the rank of "general." The uniform consisted of a shako, called a Ros, of light gray or white felt with a black leather visor and sloped crown; a single breasted dark blue wool tunic that closed with seven brass buttons and had a red collar bearing brass regimental numbers. The main maneuver elements of the army are organized in three corps, each consisting of three to four infantry brigades (plus other units), all based in and around Mexico City and its metropolitan area. Cavalry was basically a highly mobile form of infantry, although swords were carried by many cavlry units for close action (the lance, oddly enough in a Mexican conflict, was completely absent). Belting consisted of a waist-belt and crossed ammunition bandoliers. The most recent of these has been the Zapatista Uprising (1994 to present) in the Chiapas State. A typical Confederate Civil War uniform consisted of: slouch hat. [22], During this period the army was reduced in numbers through the disbandment of twenty mounted cavalry regiments, ten infantry battalions and the majority of the specialist railroad units previously required. did not participate in the actual fighting. Get the best deals on Military Original Period Items (1784-1860) . It was not until late 1820, when Agustn de Iturbide, one of the most bloodthirsty enemies of the insurgents, established relations with Vicente Guerrero and Guadalupe Victoria, two of the rebel leaders. After this U.S. victory, hostilities were suspended for 7 weeks, allowing Mexican troops to leave the city with their flags displayed in full honors as U.S. soldiers regrouped and regained their losses. You will frequently see volunteer units dressed in khaki (sometimes white) trousers and jackets, with white shirts, the whole topped off with a straw brimmed hat, typically turned up on one side, with a hat-band. 18th and 19th century (1800s) reproduction uniforms and clothing items including Federal, Regency, Romantic Era, Mexican War, Civil War, Victorian, Indian Wars and Span-Am War. "Indian" Garb: Although most of the Indians fighting for Villa actually wore the standard peasant outfit, I have seen a couple of photographs - apparently under combat conditions - of indians dressed in loin-cloth, with their hair worn long under a head-band. In 1947, the Mexican Army began looking for a new rifle. It was the first army to adopt (1908) and use (1910) a self-loading rifle, the Mondragn rifle. "The Officer Corps in New Spain: the Martial Career, 17591821. The Mexican Air Force, which is an independent military service under the SEDENA, has its own territorial organization, separate from that of the Mexican Army. . $14.30 shipping. Text is available under the Creative . Mexico Military Uniforms. ), and the rest of her clothing is white. We currently offer reproduction uniforms from the 1833 through 1899 including: the Jacksonian Era, Manifest Destiny (Mexican War), Victorian Era, Antebellum Period, American Civil War, Old West (Indian Wars), the Gilded Age, the Gay 90s, Spanish . Hidalgo headed to Valladolid (now Morelia), which was captured with little opposition. [5] Mounted units of soldados de cuera (so called from the leather protective clothing that they wore)[6] patrolled frontier and desert regions.[7]. [Organic Law of the Mexican Army and Air Force] (PDF) (in Spanish). After learning some very bloody lessons, Villa started relying more on tactical flanking maneuvers, but by this time his army was close to disintegration. Another common aspect of this struggle - as in other revolutionary conflicts such as the Spanish Civil War - is the use of standards. It will be noted that both Pershing and Patton took part in the fruitless search for Villa, gaining valuable combat experience. This action is regarded as the first major retaliation made against the cartel violence, and is generally viewed as the starting point of the war between the government and the drug cartels. Confederate soldiers traveled very light and did not want to be encumbered by carrying a lot of items. The Pastry War was the first French intervention in Mexico. Government plans call for the transformation of the Presidential Guard Corps into two military police brigades. #700IB To Sew on Buttons for Mexican War Shell Jacket $34.00. A third banner is taken from a mural in Mexico City, depicting the forces of the revolution: A dark orange flag with a black skull-and-crossbones on it. [31] A similar territorial organization is also implemented in the Mexican Navy with Naval Regions and Naval Zones as counterparts to the army territorial organization.[32]. Fax: (810)-367-6514. mexican army uniforms 1860s. The U.S. protested, but could not intervene directly until its civil war was over in 1865.[8]. By the early 1900s the large officer corps was benefiting from professional training along Prussian Army lines and improved career opportunities for cadets of middle-class origin. The military ranks of Mexico are the military insignia used by the Mexican Armed Forces. Neufeld, Stephen B. In coming up with these descriptions, I am mostly relying on a few hundred reprinted photographs obtained from various sources, the biggest of which was a set of books obtained at the Military Museum in Mexico City. Other than the Special Forces and the Military Police Brigades, the Mexican Army includes the following combat brigades: The Army has a Special Forces Corps unified command with 3 Special Forces Brigades, a High Command GAFE group, a GAFE group assigned to the Airborne Brigade, 74 independent Special Forces Battalions and 36 Amphibious Special Forces Groups. They include the following:[51]. Notes changes made to military accessories and lists their manufacturers. According to the Mexican Instituto Nacional de Transparencia 31 431 former Army and 6 337 former Navy military police personnel joined the National Guard. The rank insignia of commissioned officers. Zapata, like Villa, learned more about the military art as the Revolution progressed, but was never a notable tactician. The headgear would be anything from a bowler to a narrow-brimmed fedora to a broad-brimmed "cowboy hat." The basic uniform was a khaki tunic and trousers, generally worn with a broad-brimmed hat in the same color. American Forces: Mexican Forces: Main Menu . While the Insurgent Army was, by then, over 60,000 strong, it was mostly formed of poorly armed men with arrows, sticks and tillage tools it had a few guns, which had been taken from Spanish stocks. Infantry and cavalry formations on both sides carried flags - often the Mexican battle flag, but there were some others as well. The United States, ever watchful of its relations with Mexico, sent the schooner Woodbury to help the French in their blockade. Ron Field. (Again, the only normal exception to this is the artillery, where regulation uniform is more often seen.). The army officer corps has a blue dress uniform and a dark field-green service uniform. Along the way, Morelos, was joined by Leonardo Bravo, his son Nicholas and his brothers Max, Victor and Miguel Bravo. Osprey, a division of Reed Ineternational Books, London, England. shirt. United States 3,335 order in 2014 + 2,200 order more in 2016. During the fierce fighting, one of the insurgents' ammunition wagons exploded, which led to their defeat. Less than 10 in active service, all modernized, Armed with possibly a 40mm Cannon, but Unknown type of Cannon. U.S. troops were also sent to the California territories with the intention of seizing it. Additional color plates. By G. H. Buek & Co., 1885, after H. A. Ogden. up to 34th, 35th and 36th in the 12th Military Police Brigade, with battalion numbers 22nd - 27th retained for the non-active 8th and 9th MP Brigades. In the subsequent reorganization of the party, which took place in 1946, the Institutional Revolutionary Party no longer had a separate sector for the army. His counterpart is the Secretary of the Navy, who is a member of the central government and the sole four-star admiral. note: I may well have this wrong, not being Catholic!). Soldiers began wearing roundabouts, which were primarily made of blue wool. The one crude engraving which is shown in "Texian Illiad" shows Cos wearing a similar jacket. Line Infantry (1863-1865). If the pack was absent, the blanket was worn as a shoulder-roll. He began to organize trade to the outside regions of the Valley of Mexico. Until then, three basic uniforms: a winter wool service uniform, a khaki cotton summer service uniform and a fatigue (work) uniform, were modified and improved. The rank insignia of enlisted naval personnel are indicated by white stripes above the sleeve cuff. 83-142-A Uniform Officer, Full Dress Coat, Chief Engineer, 1852-1861..jpg 480 640; 78 KB Attila o byxor Karl XVs stab - Livrustkammaren - 43530.tif 4,960 6,758; 63.99 MB Civil War Exhibit 2014.jpg 3,648 2,736; 2.14 MB On 29 November 1810, Hidalgo entered Guadalajara, the capital of Nueva Galicia, where he organized his government and the Insurgent Army; he also issued a decree abolishing slavery. Forces opposed to the Huerta regime united against him, particularly the Constitutionalists in the north. Villa's army gives us an example of how an all-cavalry force (effectively a very large group of bandits) could be transformed into a trained army of all arms. Archer, Christon I. Made under license from Heckler & Koch. Virtually the entire Mexican Navy was captured at Veracruz by December 1838. Admiral, Spain, 1886, from the Military Series (N224 . This regulation was in force during the administrations of Carlos Salinas de Gortari and Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de Leon. Officers wore more elaborate and definitively cylindrical kepis, also blue), shaped like the French in WWI, and tended to have a dark-blue uniform trimmed in metallic colors. These jackets also fit the bill. Covers the states of Nuevo Len, San Luis Potos and Tamaulipas. with horse hair or bear skin. Unknown quantity in active service, still in production. In the prehispanic era, there were many indigenous tribes and highly developed city-states in what is now known as central Mexico. Covers the states of Aguascalientes, Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit and Zacatecas. Infantry, 18th Line battalion. Again, artillerists (and sometimes infantry or cavalry) could wear the more "Military" style of clothing on occassion. pp. They receive orders directly from the President of Mexico. With units of mixed arms, the term "column" was typically used for this formation, or for something more closely resembling a division. The ending of the Diaz regime saw a resurgence of numerous local forces led by revolutionary generals. [58], The Mexican military counts on three of the following departments to fulfill the general tasks of the Army and Air Force:[59]. This was a Zapatista flag. Mexican War Indian Wars Civil War, Spanish-American War, and Philippine Insurrection Remarried Widows Pension Payment Records In addition to pension applications, Archives 1 houses documentation of payments made to veterans who were approved for pensions. Auxiliary forces, comprising state militias and National Guards, provided a further 25 infantry battalions and 25 cavalry squadrons plus some garrison and artillery units. 2. There are no belt pillows. With trade cut off, the Mexicans began smuggling imports into Corpus Christi, Texas, and then into Mexico. As a result of this, and of the fact that this war was a Revolution, and highly politicized, most fighting occurred in towns and cities. What standard infantry weapons were used by the Mexican army during the French Intervention (1860s) I'm currently developing a history themed board game based around the development of the North American continent. Given the frequency with which officers and soldiers switched allegience during this war, it is not at all surprising to see that most of the forces used equivalent tactics and equipment, Celaya being the one great exception. Quantity Add to cart Add to wishlist Data sheet More info Computer graphics color A4 size (29.7 x 21 cm) high definition JPEG format. Kimball, Michigan 48074-1906. They tended to have a more uniform appearance than most volunteer units, and in some cases more than the regular Federalista units. blue or green were worn by some battalions. 5. On the latter point the NG's units are called Battalions Type B (sing. The Mexican Army (Spanish: Ejrcito Mexicano) is the land branch, and the . Even Mexico, a nation of 7 million people with whom the United States would soon be at war, maintained a regular army of over 18,000 men with another 10,000 militia on active duty. 1 prototype in active service, possible in production. (Think of an American trooper of the period, and give him two weeks' leave without a change of clothes.). Excellent for uniforms and unit organizations. The Mexican Revolution was fought by a mixture of untrained rebels - the bulk of the forces who fought for Villa and Zapata initially were in this class - and professional soldiers. Obviously, this was left more up to individual taste than it was for the enlisted men, and the higher the rank, the more likely it was that the style would be non-standard. Covers the states of Campeche, Quintana Roo and Yucatn. The uniforms of the Texas Confederate forces were largely derived from the uniforms worn by the United States Army at the time of Texas' secession. 5565 Griswold Road. These are not out of place on any figure in this conflict, and the biggest part of "converting" figures from other periods will be carving ordinary belting into cartridge belts. When the British and Spanish discovered that the French planned to invade Mexico, they withdrew. (Arguably, this is even cooler than the Guadalupe banner.) While never very uniform in appearance, the military discipline among the Villistas was as good or better than among the more "regular" Mexican armies at this time. Armed with M2 Browning 12.7mm Machine Gun, Unknown quantity in active service, but in production, Sand Cat 245 Sandcats were delivered and have Type IV level Armored protection. The pants and shirt to be replaced with the Secretariat of National Defense ( SEDENA ) on planning and deployment! Heckler & Koch, General-purpose machine gun suppliers are delivered as usual ( 3 to days. 9, `` the Mexican Instituto Nacional de Transparencia 31 431 former army 6. Rifle, the Mondragn rifle it does n't lead to confusion on the point! States 3,335 order in 2014 + 2,200 order more in 2016 hordes of `` soldaderas '' accompanied their on. 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