Laos is simply one of those places that will capture your heart for years to come. [96][97] In The Economist's Democracy Index 2016 Laos was classified as an "authoritarian regime", ranking lowest of the nine ASEAN nations included in the study. [47], The foreign relations of Laos after the takeover by the Pathet Lao in December 1975 were characterised by a hostile posture toward the West, with the government of the Lao PDR aligning itself with the Soviet Bloc, maintaining close ties with the Soviet Union and depending heavily on the Soviets for most of its foreign assistance. Foreign enterprises must report on their performance annually and submit annual financial statements to MPI. [68] Laos also maintained a "special relationship" with Vietnam and formalised a 1977 treaty of friendship and cooperation that created tensions with China. [147] Ten percent belong to other "lowland" groups, which together with the Lao people make up the Lao Loum (lowland people). [46], During the First Indochina War, the Indochinese Communist Party formed the Pathet Lao independence organisation. Over the years, Vientiane has experienced civil wars, internal conflicts, and agitations which ultimately led to the freedom of Laos from French rule, and then from monarchial rule in 1975. [182] Its national football team is a member of the Asian Football Confederation and of the ASEAN Football Federation. In 2009, despite the fact that the government is still officially communist, the Obama administration in the US declared Laos was no longer a MarxistLeninist state and lifted bans on Laotian companies receiving financing from the US Export-Import Bank.[117][118]. [104], In October 1999, 30 young people were arrested for attempting to display posters calling for peaceful economic, political and social change in Laos. Laos is a part of the Southeast Asian region. [59], In 1993 the Laos government set aside 21% of the nation's land area for habitat conservation preservation. The Lao National Tourism Administration, related government agencies and the private sector are working together to realise the vision put forth in the country's National Ecotourism Strategy and Action Plan. This tourist attraction still holds more than 10 thousand Buddha statues, large and small. [75], Some Hmong groups fought as CIA-backed units on the royalist side in the Laotian Civil War. has been the most successful club with 8 titles, the highest number of championship wins. [13] Because of its central geographical location in Southeast Asia, the kingdom became a hub for overland trade and became wealthy economically and culturally. [123] Approximately 77% of Lao farm households are self-sufficient in rice. It consists of an irregularly round portion in the north that narrows into a peninsula-like region stretching to the southeast. Laos is now an independent country with an elected government, and Vientiane is its official capital. Of the almost $6 billion cost for the China-Laos railway, the Chinese government will pay 70 percent. Located on a curve of the Mekong River, Vientiane Capital has a recorded history that stretches back to around 1,000 AD. Get an insider's access to these Asia's exotic countries: Thailand, Vietnam and Laos.Discover: Bangkok (the capital and most populous city of Thailand, is known for its street life, cultural landmarks, spicy food and Buddhist temples); up next go travel to Hanoi (the capital of Vietnam, is known for its centuries-old architecture and a rich . Between 1763 and 1769, Burmese armies overran northern Laos and annexed Luang Prabang, while Champasak eventually came under Siamese suzerainty. [42] By 1943, the Vietnamese population stood at nearly 40,000, forming the majority in the largest cities of Laos and enjoying the right to elect its own leaders. Pr-histria. "[132], The country's most widely recognised product may well be Beerlao, which in 2017 was exported to more than 20 countries worldwide. There are two plateaux, the Xiangkhoang in the north and the Bolaven Plateau at the southern end. Laos produced tin, rubber, and coffee, but never accounted for more than one percent of French Indochina's exports. As a result, newly elected US president John F. Kennedy authorized the recruitment of ethnic minorities in Laos to participate in covert military operations against the spread of communism. Other carriers serving the country include Bangkok Airways, Vietnam Airlines, AirAsia, Thai Airways and China Eastern Airlines. 3. [152], Sixty-six percent of Laotians were Theravada Buddhist, 1.5 percent Christian, 0.1 percent Muslim, 0.1 percent Jewish, and 32.3 percent were other or traditional (mostly practitioners of Satsana Phi) in 2010. [128] As of 2021, despite cheap hydro power available in the country, Laos continues to also rely on fossil fuels, coal in particular, in the domestic electricity production. Find professional Laos Capital videos and stock footage available for license in film, television, advertising and corporate uses. Vientiane has a total area of 3,920 square km and an average elevation of 174 m. The city experiences a tropical savanna climate. Laos is landlocked (it does not have a coast on a sea or ocean). Supply of foreign exchange has in the past been limited in Laos, which imposed a de facto limit on repatriation of capital. The Mekong River forms a large part of the western boundary with Thailand, where the mountains of the Annamite Range form most of the eastern border with Vietnam and the Luang Prabang Range the northwestern border with the Thai highlands. In fact, it feels more like a welcoming village, nestled in a bend of the Mekong River, Vientiane is dotted with temples and quirky, accessible attractions like the Buddha Park featuring surreal statues of the Buddha and the Monk Chat, a monthly opportunity to hang out with, you guessed it, monks. [70] Laos was admitted into the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in July 1997 and acceded to the World Trade Organization in 2016. [167] One production company's film that has succeeded to produce Lao feature films and gain international recognition is Lao New Wave Cinema's At the Horizon, directed by Anysay Keola, that was screened at the OzAsia Film Festival[168] and Lao Art Media's Chanthaly (Lao: ) directed by Mattie Do, which was screened at the 2013 Fantastic Fest. [66][67] The incumbent head of government is Prime Minister Sonexay Siphandone. The National University of Laos, one of the country's three universities, is located in Vientiane. [98][99] Prominent civil society advocates, human rights defenders, political and religious dissidents, and Hmong refugees have disappeared at the hands of Lao military and security forces. [169][170] In September 2017, Laos submitted Dearest Sister (Lao: ), Mattie Do's second feature film, to the 90th Academy Awards (or the Oscars) for consideration for Best Foreign Language Film, marking the country's first submission for the Oscars. The main international airports are Vientiane's Wattay International Airport and Luang Prabang International Airport with Pakse International Airport also having a few international flights. Most of these projects will be carried out through public-private partnerships under the Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) model as the government is encouraging the private sector . [41] Under French rule, the Vietnamese were encouraged to migrate to Laos, which was seen by the French colonists as a rational solution to a labour shortage within the confines of an Indochina-wide colonial space. Nearly three-quarters of Laos is covered in mountains and forested hills that are too steep to live on. After the Vietnam War ended in 1975, the communist Pathet Lao came to power, ending the civil war. Residents of Laos' capital Vientiane on October 16 witnessed the arrival of the first passenger high-speed train running on the new Laos-China railway line which will, after some test runs, come into full operation in December . The first bullet train to serve the high-speed Laos-China railway sits in a rail station in the Lao capital Vientiane, Oct. 16, 2021. The sinh is a traditional garment worn by Lao women in daily life. The major roads connecting to urban centres, in particular Route 13, have been significantly upgraded in recent years. Trc , FPT Capital ng k bn 1 triu c phiu TPB tng ng 0,063% vn iu l ngn hng. Very few of the Lao refugees, however, were willing to return voluntarily. [164] One of the first commercial feature-length films was Sabaidee Luang Prabang, made in 2008. Laos Capital City, Vientiane. Life expectancy 65 years (men), 68 years (women) Currency kip . ", "Evaluation Synthesis of Rice in Lao PDR", "Starting an Asian Cinema: Laos Past and Present", "Good Good Morning, Luang Prabang and hello to Laos's film industry", "Q&A with director Kim Mordaunt (The Rocket)", "A tale of revenge in Laos challenges censors", "Fantastic Fest 2013 Review: Chanthaly is A Haunting Portrait of Modern Day Laos", "Laos Selects 'Dearest Sister' as First Foreign-Language Oscar Submission", "Cannes: Southeast Asia Is Ready for Its Big-Screen Close-up", "Laos: Crony scheme in control of press and civil society", "Social Discrimination in the Lao People's Democratic Republic", "Muay Lao, the forgotten art of kickboxing", "Laos Stumbles on Path to Sporting Glory", Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), ASEANRepublic of Korea Commemorative Summit, Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia, Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, ASEANAustralia Development Cooperation Program, Outstanding Scientist and Technologist Award, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Assemble parlementaire de la Francophonie, Agence de Coopration Culturelle et Technique, Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Laos&oldid=1142166912, French-speaking countries and territories, Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, States and territories established in 1949, All articles with bare URLs for citations, Articles with bare URLs for citations from March 2022, Articles with PDF format bare URLs for citations, Articles with failed verification from January 2021, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Articles containing potentially dated statements from March 2021, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Pages using Sister project links with wikidata mismatch, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 21:55. Energy Efficiency Retrofitting of Buildings Challenges and Methods", Diller, Anthony; Edmondson, Jerry; Luo, Yongxian (2004). Hanoi shares experience with Lao NA delegation. In 1990 only 8% of the rural population had access to improved sanitation. In a 23 October 1995 National Review article, Michael Johns, the former Heritage Foundation foreign policy expert and Republican White House aide, labelled the Hmong's repatriation a Clinton administration "betrayal", describing the Hmong as a people "who have spilled their blood in defense of American geopolitical interests". [33], In 1637, when Sourigna Vongsa ascended the throne, Lan Xang further expanded its frontiers. Laos financed the remaining 30% with loans from . Ninety-three percent of households have a telephone, either fixed line or mobile. Giant Buddha Statue Plan Rankles Residents of Laos' Capital: Report. Laos is a landlocked country on the Indo-Chinese peninsula between Thailand and Vietnam. It is a hand-woven silk skirt that can identify the woman who wears it in a variety of ways. Vientiane is the capital and largest city in Laos. The proto-historic period is characterised by contact with Chinese and Indian civilisations. According to a Laotian epic, Vientiane was founded on the Mekong Rivers eastern banks by a prince named Thattaradtha. A post-independence civil war began, which saw the communist resistance, supported by the Soviet Union, fight against the monarchy that later came under influence of military regimes supported by the United States. The national basketball team competed at the 2017 Southeast Asian Games where it beat Myanmar in the eighth place game.[185]. [76], In 1989, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), with the support of the US government, instituted the Comprehensive Plan of Action, a programme to stem the tide of Indochinese refugees from Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia. This article is about the country in Southeast Asia. Vientiane, also spelled Viangchan, largest city and capital of Laos, situated on a plain just northeast of the Mekong River. and Yurnaidi, Z., 2020. The city was destroyed, valuables and historical artifacts were looted, and the population fled. [130] According to the Global Hunger Index (2018), Laos ranks as the 36th hungriest nation in the world out of the list of the 52 nations with the worst hunger situation(s). Bangkok - Hanoi - Laos by Air 9 nights from $1,615*. It was built in 1556, when the capital was moved from Luang Prabang to Vientiene, and took 6 years to complete. [47] Between 1964 and 1973, the US dropped two million tons of bombs on Laos, nearly equal to the 2.1million tons of bombs the US dropped on Europe and Asia during all of World War II, making Laos the most heavily bombed country in history relative to the size of its population; The New York Times notes this was "nearly a ton for every person in Laos". [63], Laos is divided into 17 provinces (khoueng) and one prefecture (kampheng nakhon), which includes the capital city Vientiane (Nakhon Louang Viangchan). The capital city of Hanoi is ready to further expand friendship and cooperation activities in various fields, including those of people-elected . SE Asia. Most people live in valleys of the Mekong River and its tributaries. [36], In a time period where the acquisition of humans was a priority over the ownership of land, the warfare of pre-modern Southeast Asia revolved around the seizing of people and resources from its enemies. The Thai government attempted to repatriate these refugees, but the Wat Tham Krabok Hmong refused to leave and the Lao government refused to accept them, claiming they were involved in the illegal drug trade and were of non-Lao origin. [141] Access rose rapidly from 10 percent in 1995 to 38 percent in 2008. [19][20][21][22][23] In the Lao language, the country's name is Muang Lao () or Pathet Lao (), both of which literally mean 'Lao Country'. Lan Xang became an important trade centre during Samsenthai's reign, but after his death in 1421 it collapsed into warring factions for nearly a century. The city is Laos' capital and is located along the banks of the Mekong River. Export earnings from international visitors and tourism goods are expected to generate 16% of total exports or US$270.3million in 2010, growing in nominal terms to US$484.2million (12.5% of the total) in 2020. The Lao alphabet, which evolved sometime between the 13th and 14th centuries, was derived from the ancient Khmer script and is very similar to Thai script. The new China-Laos passenger and freight railway, serviced by an Electric Multiple Unit (EMU) train, stretches 1,035 kilometers (643 miles) and was designed to link Vientiane with Kunming, capital . [74] Their Russian-built Antonov AN 74-300 with 20 people on board crashed in Xiangkhouang Province. Additionally, many elite and French-educated Lao immigrated to nations such as the United States and France to escape government persecution. [69] Trade relations with the United States were normalised in November 2004 through Congress approved legislation. Many elements of Lao culture predate Buddhism. Asia. Laos is divided into 17 provinces (khoueng) and one prefecture (kampheng nakhon), which includes the capital city Vientiane (Nakhon Louang Viangchan). In 2016, China was the biggest foreign investor in Laos's economy, having invested in US$5.395billion since 1989, according to Laos Ministry of Planning and Investment's 19892014 report. He later died under suspicious circumstances in a re-education camp. ::", "Global Religious Landscape; Table: Religious Composition by Country", "Human Development Report 2009. The restaurant serves a variety of local delicacies, such as Khao piak sen (a rice noodle soup), mok lao (an exotic coconut curry), and of course, Lao sausage. [62], The climate is mostly tropical savanna and influenced by the monsoon pattern. The Lao People's Democratic Republic (Laos) is a developing country ruled by a one-party, Communist government. The city of Vientiane is located on the Mekong River's bank near the Laos-Thailand border, and is the seat of the countrys national government. Mon-Khmer groups, the Hmong, and other indigenous hill tribes live in the foothills and mountains. However, historians claim the city was an ancient Khmer settlement that formed around a Hindu temple. It is stretched out on the north-eastern bank of a bend in the Mekong River. The capital of Laos is Vientiane, which was founded 13th century. [175] Lao citizens who have criticised the government have been subjected to enforced disappearances, arbitrary arrests and torture. [90][91][92][93] The Thai foreign ministry has said that it will halt deportation of Hmong refugees held in Detention Centres in Nong Khai, while talks are underway to resettle them in Australia, Canada, the Netherlands and the United States. Vientiane Capital is the home to the most significant national monument in Laos: That Luang (Great Stupa), which is the symbol of Lao and an icon of Buddhism in Laos. [133], The tourism sector has grown rapidly, from 80,000 international visitors in 1990, to 1.876million in 2010,[134] when tourism had been expected to rise to US$1.5857billion by 2020. Biggest Cities In Laos Vientiane . "Muay" comes from the Sanskrit term meaning "to box" but is generally used to describe the unarmed martial art found throughout Thailand, Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam. Choose our custom designed, flexible and unique Laos Tour Packages. Vientiane is located at 17.9757, 102.6331, at an elevation of 570 ft. [47] As of 22March2021[update] the head of state is President Thongloun Sisoulith. Services and facilities for tourists are adequate in the capital, Vientiane, and in the UNESCO World Heritage town of Luang Prabang, but are extremely limited in . Laos is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. Residents of the capital Vientiane are barred from leaving the city and outsiders must get permission to enter. But around the 11th and 12th centuries, the Lao and Thai came from Southern China and overtook the area. [48], Some 80million bombs failed to explode and remain scattered throughout the country, rendering vast swaths of land impossible to cultivate. The main investor is Thailand. [citation needed]. Major festivals include Lao New Year celebrated around 1315 April and involves a water festival similar but more subdued than that of Thailand and other Southeast Asian countries. Major religion Buddhism. For other uses, see, , "Peace, independence, democracy, unity and prosperity", Independence and Communist rule (1953present), The State respects and protects all lawful activities of Buddhists and of followers of other religions, [and] mobilises and encourages Buddhist monks and novices as well as the priests of other religions to participate in activities that are beneficial to the country and people, Sanda Simms, ch. [127] Of the potential capacity of approximately 18,000 megawatts, around 8,000 megawatts have been committed for export to Thailand and Vietnam. Under the plan, refugee status was evaluated through a screening process. Bomb Tonnages Dropped on Laos and Cambodia, and Weighing Their Implications", "Fifty years of violent war deaths from Vietnam to Bosnia: analysis of data from the world health survey programme", Politics in Contemporary Southeast Asia: Authority, Democracy and Political Change, Renovation in Vietnam since 1988 a study in political, economic and social change, "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity", "Mekong Divides Different Worlds In 'Golden Triangle', "Opium Poppy Cultivation in South East Asia", "East Asia/Southeast Asia:: Laos The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency", "Laos promotes PM Thongloun as leader of communist party", "OEC Laos (LAO) Exports, Imports, and Trade Partners", "Q+A What is the East Asia Summit all about? "Effects of AFTA on poverty: Evidence from Laos. [184], Laos has no tradition in other team sports. US Representative Steve Gunderson, for instance, told a Hmong gathering: "I do not enjoy standing up and saying to my government that you are not telling the truth, but if that is necessary to defend truth and justice, I will do that. Vientiane is the largest city in Laos and functions as: Houses the Presidential Palace. [73] The officials were to participate in a ceremony to mark the liberation of the Plain of Jars from the former Royal Lao government forces. Vientiane prefecture, the capital and largest city, had about 683,000 residents in 2020. Its first railway line, a short 3-km long metre-gauge railway that connects southern Vientiane to Thailand, only opened in 2009. [163] The first feature-length film made after the monarchy was abolished is Gun Voice from the Plain of Jars, directed by Somchith Pholsena in 1983, although its release was prevented by a censorship board. Vientiane suffered greatly during the conflict between the kingdom's army and Siamese forces in 1827. Vientiane (/ v i n t i n / vee-EN-tee-AHN, French: ; Lao: , Viangchan, pronounced [ tn]) is the capital and largest city of Laos.Vientiane is divided administratively into 9 cities with a total area of only approx. [108] In late February 2017, two of those imprisoned were finally released after 17 years. [183] Since the start of the league, Lao Army F.C. Only 4% of the country is arable land and a mere 0.3% used as permanent crop land,[120] the lowest percentage in the Greater Mekong Subregion. According to independent non-profit/non-governmental organisations (NGOs) such as Amnesty International,[104] Human Rights Watch,[105] and Civil Rights Defenders,[106] along with the US State Department,[107] serious human rights violations such as arbitrary detentions, disappearances, free speech restrictions, prison abuses and other violations are an ongoing problem. 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"[81] Republicans called several Congressional hearings on alleged persecution of the Hmong in Laos in an apparent attempt to generate further support for their opposition to the Hmong's repatriation to Laos. The capital is Vientiane (Lao: Viangchan), located on the Mekong River in the northern portion of the country. [144], The people of Laos are often categorised by their distribution by elevation: (lowlands, midlands and upper high lands) as this somewhat correlates with ethnic groupings. Five of them were arrested and subsequently sentenced to up to 10 years imprisonment on charges of treason. Lao Basics: An Introduction to the Lao Language. Jaew. 6, "Seventy Years of Anarchy", in. A major breakthrough occurred in December 2021, when the 414-km long standard-gauge BotenVientiane railway that runs from the capital Vientiane to Boten at the northern border with China, built as part of China's Belt and Road Initiative, was opened. Of the 2,908,440 vaccine doses, 100% were donated in partnership with COVAX. These dishes always contain chili peppers, and usually some type of grilled vegetable, giving them a distinct smoky flavor, and sometimes fermented fish. About 3km to the north of the city, it is easy to reach the centre from the airport by taxi, tuk tuk or bus. Since the founding of the Lao PDR in 1975, very few films have been made in Laos. A new constitution was adopted in 1991 and enshrined a "leading role" for the LPRP. The country encompasses a total area of 237,955 square km and had a population of 6,492,228 in 2015. There are many traditions and rituals associated with rice production in different environments and among many ethnic groups. Under Vietnamese pressure, he rebelled against the Siamese in 1826. Although some accusations of forced repatriation were denied,[82] thousands of Hmong people refused to return to Laos. The Patuxai, Vientiane Laos. Updated on November 19, 2021. Set at the point where the Mekong and Nam Khan rivers meet, Luang Prabang stands in front of a backdrop of a magnificent hilltop temple. [47][51] The royalists set up a government in exile in the United States. In their opposition of the repatriation plans, Democratic and Republican Members of Congress challenged the Clinton administration's position that the government of Laos was not systematically violating Hmong human rights. [50], In 1975 the Pathet Lao overthrew the royalist government, forcing King Savang Vatthana to abdicate on 2 December 1975. The revised constitution of 11 May 1957 omitted reference to the French Union, though close educational, health and technical ties with the former colonial power persisted. Address: 133 Chanthakhoummarn Road, Chanthabouly district. Luang Prabang and Vat Phou are both UNESCO World Heritage sites. The khaen traditionally accompanied the singer in mor lam, the dominant style of folk music. A new province, Xaisomboun province , was established on 13 December 2013. Area 236,800 sq km (91,400 sq miles) Major languages Lao, French. As a low-income country, Laos faces a brain-drain problem as many educated people migrate to developed countries. There is limited external and internal telecommunication, but mobile phones have become widespread. His reign is often regarded as Laos's golden age. History of Laos. Bangkok (AFP) - A new $6 billion Chinese-built railway line opens in Laos this week, bringing hopes of an economic boost to the reclusive nation, but experts are questioning the benefits . [44] On 9 March 1945, a nationalist group declared Laos once more independent, with Luang Prabang as its capital, but on 7 April 1945 two battalions of Japanese troops occupied the city. [ 50 ], in particular Route 13, have been significantly upgraded in recent years is Minister. 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