It was getting late, around 10:45 p.m., and she was glad that someone had stopped to drive her. In this case, as in most, our inquiry begins by examining the prosecutor's penalty phase argument. Bittaker and Norris decided that this time they would not dispose of the body by throwing it from a cliff. This memorial has been copied to your clipboard. Defendant was arrested pursuant to a "Ramey" arrest warrant fn. At trial, confronted with the tape, Bittaker actually had the audacity to claim that it was just a threesome, and pointed out that Lynette had asked them to kill her. The van pulled ahead and stopped, and Norris got out. An audio tape of Shirley Lynette Ledford's final moments, found in Bittaker's van, would be the most damning evidence at the trial. They sped away and the two men raped her while she was in the van. 6 16-Year-Old Shirley Lynette Ledford. Justice on Fire is OConnors detailed account of the terrible explosion that led to the firefighters deaths and the terrible injustice that followed. Learn more about merges. Bittaker believed that the jurors, upon reading his account, would find that Norris was the one who was to blame. 2020 Ancira Eagle Pass | All rights reserved. Getty ImagesLawrence Bittaker and Roy Norris had bonded over a love of sadism and fantasies of rape and torture. We will review the memorials and decide if they should be merged. 785].). When the Murder Mack was searched, they found the tools and the implements they used in their tortures, they found the audio tapes that they recorded while taking the life of their five victims. Shirley Ledford was hitchhiking when she accepted a ride by the duo on October 31, 1979. But it didnt kill her. Shirley Ledford's body was discovered shortly after she was killed. Finally, the jury found at least 14 valid special circumstances -- far more than is found in most death penalty cases. The two men drove along the Pacific Coast Highway, and as it passed through Hermosa Beach, they spotted two girls sitting on a bus stop bench at the corner of the PCH and Pier Avenue. Laboratory examination showed sperm in her mouth, vagina and anus. Around noon, thats exactly what happened. As the days and weeks passed, and no one had come looking for them, the men began to relax, and confident that they were not being sought by the police, they began to cruise the streets once more. Becoming a Find a Grave member is fast, easy and FREE. Maybe it was this rootless lifestyle, this instability, which made Lawrence rebellious. 26 Feb Feb Meet Vicente Carrillo Leyva, The Boarding School-Educated 'Narco Junior' Who Helped Run The Jurez Cartel After His Father, Inside The Eerie Halls Of Willard Asylum, The Abandoned New York Hospital That's Been Reclaimed By Nature, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. The second stage of the criminal trial, now that he had been found guilty, would be to determine what punishment he would suffer. Convicted, he got a sentence of five years, but was paroled in April, 1970. Family members linked to this person will appear here. They worked on the van for most of the morning, fitting a bed into the back, with enough space underneath it to conceal a body. He said to Douglas, I had no idea there were people out there who could do anything like this. Glenn left Quantico with his mind changed, he was now firmly in favor of the death penalty. This browser does not support getting your location. 2d 620 [6 Cal. 3d 1067] when Norris said they were killed. 15 Holding that the doctrine did not permit the search of a closed container within a vehicle (p. 423) -- a holding that does not affect the present case -- the court remarked that "[i]f there were any vitality to the 'instrumentality' exception as it applies to automobiles , it would be applicable only to a scientific examination of the object itself, for example for fingerprints, bloodstains, or the taking of tire impressions or paint scrapings." Bittaker called out some explanation and the van was driven off. To add a flower, click the Leave a Flower button. Are you sure that you want to delete this memorial? Lawrence Bittaker will be 72 at the end of this year, and with his appeals, frivolous lawsuits and delays, he will more likely die from old age before the state executes him. The audio cassette of Lynette Ledfords torture is in the hands of the FBI, and is used to desensitize new agents to the reality of torture and murder. Unbelievably, despite what they just witnessed, not one of the tennis players thought about calling the police and reporting what they saw. fn. Your email address will not be published. But, as time passed, they realized they were safe. Lynette was abducted, assaulted and killed by two male subjects. When Cindy got closer, Norris asked again, and once again, Cindy declined. The Murder Mack was heading toward the mountains. On the sidewalk sat one lone shoe, dropped from Cindys foot as she was dragged into the van. The woman refused, and Norris then tried to break in through the living room window. Polytrichum Sporophyte, Autopsy of Shirley Lynette Ledford Arrest & Trial Shirley Lynette Ledford On October 31, 1979, 16-year-old Lynette was on her way home around 10.30 pm from a Halloween party in the San Fernando Valley of Los Angeles when she encountered two real-life monsters Lawrence Bittaker and Roy Norris, also known as the "Tool Box Killers". You may not upload any more photos to this memorial, This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 20 photos, This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 5 photos to this memorial, This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 30 photos, This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 15 photos to this memorial. For the same reason, we cannot determine whether it is reasonably probable that a result more favorable to defendant would have resulted from a timely objection. The remains of Cindy Schaeffer and Andrea Hall have never been found. FN 4. fn. Failed to report flower. (b) Tapes, photographs, and other physical evidence. (Carmichael, p. 3d 425, 436 [162 Cal. Paroled once more, he went back to prison in October, 1964. (See People v. Rist (1976) 16 Cal. After holding Shirley Ledford in the van for nearly two hours, Norris ultimately killed Shirley by strangling her with a coat hanger. Bittaker e Norris rapirono la loro ultima vittima, la sedicenne Shirley Lynette Ledford, il 31 ottobre 1979. Defendant concedes here that the objection was untimely to the extent it was based on a theory that defendant submitted to authority and did not voluntarily consent to the seizure of the manuscript. 13, and Shirley Lynette Ledford, 16. Halloween 1979, Shirley Lynette Ledford was standing outside of a gas station. 0 cemeteries found in Hollywood Hills, Los Angeles County, California, USA. (Ibid.) The killing and display of Lynette Ledford was a big mistake. Dalton didnt believe one word of it, thinking Norris was trying to make himself look important. It was Sunday, June 24, 1979, and Lucinda Cindy Schaeffer had been to the St. Andrews Presbyterian Church in Redondo Beach, where she had taken part in a Christian Youth meeting. The coat hanger was so deeply embedded in Cindys neck that it had cut through the flesh, and blood was seeping out. Seeing her chance, Shirley managed to get out of the van and ran. 3d 1097]. She also spontaneously stated that she believed that a person is innocent until proven guilty. Bittaker gave Norris some friendly criticism. Lucinda Shaeffer; Andrea Hall Bynum sent an officer to Oregon along with a bunch of photographs for Shirley to look through. Less wholesome is the fact that its also the porn center for the United States, with 90 percent of legally distributed porn films that are made in the U.S. being made by companies based in the Valley. The prosecutor mentioned his participation in the Manson prosecution. There was an error deleting this problem. His opinion thus falls under those covered by section 1076. For memorials with more than one photo, additional photos will appear here or on the photos tab. Norris joined the Navy and was stationed at San Diego until 1969, when he was sent to Vietnam for a four month tour of duty. 5, 546 P.2d 293]; People v. Kanos (1969) 70 Cal. By 26 May 2022 scott lafaro accident 26 May 2022 scott lafaro accident Rptr. fn. Considered to be a soft prison, its more relaxed and not tough. Instead, they headed to the residential area of Sunland and Tujunga districts, located in the San Fernando Valley. Glenn was shown around Quantico in preparation for his role. Criminologist Laura Brand opened up to Newsweek about her groundbreaking interviews with "Toolbox Killers," Lawrence Bittaker and Roy Norris.. fiesta sunrise vic died; list of fake honey brands canada; was agnes moorehead on gunsmoke; 3 interesting facts about ohio university; texas disabled veterans benefits toll roads After an examination, he had been diagnosed with a severe schizoid personality. Despite these expert opinions, he was paroled in late 1963. Using a pair of vice grip pliers, both men used it to twist and tighten the hanger like a garrote. When Bittaker came back, he took over, raping her repeatedly, while this time, Norris took a walk. Norris then made another mistake. medianet_width = "728"; For the residents of one house in Hermosa Beach, the fictional horrors of the night before turned into a real one the next morning. Shirley Lynette Ledford suffered one of the worst deaths in history at the hands of the Toolbox Killers in 1979. Are you sure that you want to delete this photo? Year should not be greater than current year. Shirley Ledford. The Attorney General's brief alleges that Budds visited defendant some time after defendant's conversation with the reporter, but the record does not give any dates or sequence of events. He hit her in the left elbow with the sledgehammer over 25 times in total, while Lynette screamed and cried. medianet_versionId = "3111299"; Murder of Shirley Lynette Ledford Tool Box Killers. She never made it. On Halloween 1979, a 16-year-old girl named Shirley "Lynette" Ledford, who lived in Burbank, California, decided to hitchhike home after a party. 3d 1, 28 [164 Cal. Grabbing her scarf, he pulled it tight around her neck, strangling her until she slipped into semi-consciousness. Quickly picking up the two men would immediately end the killing spree, but Kay decided that patience would be better. The sought imposition of the death penalty thus rests upon the unproven and illegitimate assumption that it acts as a deterrent to the described 'potential killers'. Naomi And Liv Centigrade Real Life, 2d 564, 91 S.Ct. 457, 545 P.2d 833]; People v. Delgado (1973) 32 Cal. He went off to the bushes and started to vomit. Ice picks are also used on the girl, and all the while, Bittaker is demanding that she screams louder and harder. Andrea Joy Hall was hitchhiking along the highway when they saw her. Norris was convicted of forcible rape, and was sent to the Colony, and his fateful meeting with Lawrence Bittaker. Norris was arrested first, giving Bittaker just enough time to destroy evidence. 3 and 4 15-Year Old Jackie Gilliam and 13-Year-Old Leah Lamp. But they also found photographs, several hundred of them, all teenage girls. . It was there that they had planned their deadly spree. FN 8. 890, 583 P.2d 748]; People v. Carmichael, supra, 198 Cal. Defendant drove to another place, said he wanted to rape Hall again, and again took her to a hill near the road. Two weeks later, on Sunday, July 8, the two men went out hunting again. The van drove away, and at first, the girls didnt notice anything was wrong. (P. You already receive all suggested Justia Opinion Summary Newsletters. Shirley Sanders [9/30/1979] survived (no picture) Shirley Lynette Ledford, 16 [10/31/1979 Sunland, CA] These are two of the worst that there has ever been. Norris tied her wrists and ankles, and covered her mouth with tape. In 1990, the actor Scott Glenn was getting ready for his role of Jack Crawford, the FBI profiler in the film The Silence Of The Lambs. But there can be a long time between a sentence of death and the carrying out of the sentence. Prosecution witnesses were equally tainted: the jury learned of Norris's prior rape conviction and Lloyd Douglas's convictions for manslaughter and burglary. Within 5 minutes of Shirley Lynette entering the van (which Bittaker and Norris referred to as "Murder Mac"), Bittaker had driven to a quiet side street, where he slammed on the brakes of the van before throwing Shirley from the passenger seat into the rear of the van. There is 1 volunteer for this cemetery. But at the end of 1979, the Valley got an unwelcome shock. It was late, and when the GMC van drew alongside her, she was grateful for the ride. Norris said he had told Schaefer that she would not be killed, but defendant insisted on killing her so she could not identify them. Bittaker was sentenced to death for the killings in 1981; Norris took a plea deal to avoid the death penalty and testified against Bittaker. From the toolbox, he took a pair of vice grip pliers and began to pinch and tear at her body with them, targeting her nipples and vagina. The two men drove through the city and into the hills, then along the fire road far enough that they were hidden from view from the highway. [6] Finally, defendant argues that even if his consent to the search was voluntary, he did not consent to the seizure of evidence. During their time together, the two men became close, and Bittaker came up with what he considered a fun thing to do when they were both out of prison. Kay had already prosecuted Norris once before, on the Redondo Beach rape. 2d 711, 726, 91 S. Ct. 3d 1100] that, absent the error in question, the jury would have reached a different result. The two then opted to dump her body on a random lawn in the Sunland neighborhood, because they wanted to see the press reaction to its discovery. Andrea Hall, 18; Jacqueline Gilliam, 15; Jacqueline Leah Lamp, 13; and Shirley Lynette Ledford, 16, were killed over the following five months. Sunland, Los Angeles County, California, USA. There was evidence that all of the victims except Schaefer voluntarily entered defendant's van. Defendant kidnapped and murdered five teenage girls, raped four of them, and tortured at least one. Bittaker and Norris other victims were all, like Lynette, teenage girls: Andrea Hall, 18, Lucinda Schaefer, 16, Jackie Gilliam, 15, and Jacqueline Leah Lamp, 13. fn. The police and the community were stunned by the discovery. Include gps location with grave photos where possible. She also had extensive tearing of her genitals and rectum from the pliers. Between February and June, the two men drove up and down the Pacific Coast Highway where they would stop at beaches, talk with some of the girls there and snap photographs, seemingly acting like a couple of normal guys, rather than two men practicing for a killing spree. After Norris also raped Gilliam, they retied the girls, and all remained in the van over night. Norris would have to do much better if he was to avoid execution. It looked to her that there was only one man in the van, so she said yes and got in. After listening to what Dalton had to tell them, they passed him along to the detectives at Hermosa Beach. Drag images here or select from your computer for Shirley Lynette Ledford memorial. Prosecutors must demonstrate to the court that there are special circumstances that support the call for a death sentence. We have also noted the possible invalidity of one witness-killing and four torture-murder special circumstances. medianet_height = "250"; . Rptr. Norris testified against Bittaker after pleading guilty to all . The killings began that June, with the death of Lucinda Lynn Schaefer, 16. Lawrence Sigmond Bittaker, who was responsible for the death of five California teenage girls 40 years ago, died of natural causes at 4 p.m. Friday at San Quentin State . Other people, including the courtroom artist, fled the room. Shirley was from Oregon, but she was in California to visit her father, who was living in Manhattan Beach. Lynette told him, Ill scream if you stop hitting me., But Norris didnt stop. Ancira Auto Group, one of the premier leading dealer groups in San Antonio, TX and serving all of South Texas since 1972, treats the needs of each individual customer with paramount concern. Unlike Bittaker, Norriss family didnt move around and his life was fairly stable. So, that November, the authorities released him from prison. Dazed, both girls were subdued, and then Bittaker noticed that some tennis players were looking and wondering what was going on. The prosecutor offered the evidence to prove defendant's state of mind -- that defendant did not feel intimidated by Norris -- rather than defendant's conduct on any particular occasion. Eventually, the skeletal remains of Leah Lamp and Jackie Gilliam were discovered, what was left of them. He then strangled Hall until she died and threw the body over an embankment into some bushes. He applied and it was rejected, and he will not be eligible again until 2020. The men got a plastic shower curtain from the back of the van, spread it on the ground, and placed Cindys body on it. The girls began to complain, but Bittaker, driving, said they wanted to go somewhere first, somewhere safe where they could smoke some pot and get high. Norris ran up and tackled her to the ground from behind, and then hit her on the head with a rock. 3d 1, 71-75 [168 Cal. Please enter your email address and we will send you an email with a reset password code. The first thing to do was acquire a suitable vehicle. Flowers added to the memorial appear on the bottom of the memorial or here on the Flowers tab. . [17a] This reasoning necessarily implies that an erroneous denial of a challenge for cause can be cured by giving the defendant an additional peremptory challenge. 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